Bill Gates may have been late to the smartphone game, but there's one thing he understood way faster than some of his peers: the importance of a platform and ecosystem.
According to "Strategy Rules," a book written by two prominent business-school professors, David Yoffie and Michael Cusumano, Gates' ability to quickly grasp the value of an "industry-spanning platform rather than merely products" was what made Microsoft a dominant PC player within a few years.
In fact, Gates understood it from the get-go, while it took Apple's Steve Jobs over two decades to realize it, the book's authors write.
"Bill Gates got it immediately," Yoffie said, according to The New York Times. "It took Andy Grove 10 years to figure it out, and 20 years for Steve Jobs.”
Gates had this in mind when he built the Windows operating system, where third-party developers were allowed to create software applications on top of it. By doing so, Windows was able to build a massive software ecosystem that helped it dominate the PC market for years.
Andy Grove, the former Intel CEO, also saw this coming, and he soon built microprocessors that were used across multiple industries.
Jobs, on the other hand, was always focused on building beautiful products that didn't necessarily have a big set of partners supporting them as Microsoft did. It wasn't until 2003 when Jobs realized this and released iTunes for Windows so PC users could start using Apple's iPod on their computers. Even the first iPhone wasn't going to have a store for third-party applications, but other execs at Apple persuaded Jobs to open up the iPhone operating system so outside developers could build their own applications on top of it in 2008.
"Jobs was always a product first, platform second kind of guy. But he figured it out eventually," Yoffie said.
The authors point out the same thinking applies to the tech leaders of the next generation as well: Google's Larry Page, Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg, Amazon's Jeff Bezos, and Tencent's Huateng Ma all have a deep understanding of "platform thinking," they said.